Serpentinites are massive greenish-black metamorphic rocks formed by hydrothermal-metasomatic alteration of ultrabasic rocks (usually peridotite). They are common in the zones of autopsied ophiolites, ie parts of the oceanic crust and the upper part of the mantle that are attached to the continental crust during tectonic movements. The ophiolite rocks of the Vardar zone dominate along the Ibar valley south of Kraljevo and represent a geological record of the existence of the Mesozoic Tethys Ocean.

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